auctionbin.com Information about Four Noble Truths
cattāri ariyasaccāni Part of a series on Buddhism Portal of Buddhism History of Buddhism Timeline - Buddhist councils Major Figures Gautama Buddha Disciples · Later Buddhists Dharma or Concepts Four Noble Truths Noble Eightfold Path Three marks of existence Dependent Origination Saṃsāra · Nirvana Skandha · Cosmology Karma · Rebirth Practices and Attainment Buddhahood · Bodhisattva 4 Stages of Enlightenment Wisdom · Meditation · Precepts Pāramitās · Three Jewels Monastics · Laity Countries and Regions Schools Theravāda · Mahāyāna Vajrayāna Texts Pali Canon · Tibetan Canon Chinese Canon Related topics Criticism Comparative Studies Cultural elements The Four Noble Truths (or The Four Truths of the Noble Ones[1]) (Sanskrit: catvāri āryasatyāni;Wylie: 'phags pa'i bden pa bzhi; Pali: cattāri ariyasaccāni) are one of the most fundamental Buddhist teachings. In broad terms, these truths relate to suffering's (or dukkha's) nature, origin, cessation and the path leading to the cessation. They are among the truths Gautama Buddha is said to have realized during his experience of enlightenment.[2] The Four Noble Truths appear many times throughout the most ancient Buddhist texts, the Pali Canon. The early teaching and the traditional understanding in the Theravada is that the four noble truths are an advanced teaching for those who are ready for them. Mahayana Buddhism regards them as a preliminary teaching for people not ready for its own teachings.[3] They are little known in the Far East. Some may see "truths" as a mistranslation (one author cites "realities" as a possibly better choice: these are things, not statements, in the original grammar.[4]) However, the original Tibetan Lotsawas (Sanskrit: locchāwa; Tibetan: lo ts'a ba), who studied Sanskrit grammar thoroughly, did translate the term from Sanskrit into Tibetan as "bden pa" which has the full meaning of "truth". Why the Buddha is said to have taught in this way is illuminated by the social context of the time in which he lived. The Buddha was a Śramaṇa – a wandering ascetic whose "aim was to discover the truth and attain happiness."[5] He is said to have achieved this aim while under a bodhi tree near the River Neranjana; the Four Noble Truths are a formulation of his understanding of the nature of "suffering",[6] the fundamental cause of all suffering, the escape from suffering, and what effort a person can go to so that they themselves can "attain happiness."[5] These truths are not expressed as a hypothesis or tentative idea; rather, the Buddha says: These Four Noble Truths, monks, are actual, unerring, not otherwise. Therefore, they are called noble truths.[7] The Buddha says that he taught them... ...because it is beneficial, it belongs to the fundamentals of the holy life, it leads to disenchantment, to dispassion, to cessation of suffering, to peace, to direct knowledge, to enlightenment, to Nirvana. That is why I have declared it.[8] This teaching was the basis of the Buddha's first discourse after his enlightenment.[9] In early Buddhism this is the most advanced teaching in the Buddha's Gradual Training. Certain major Mahayana sutras, including the Mahaparinirvana Sutra and the Angulimaliya Sutra, present variant versions of the Four Noble Truths. It should be noted that these views are specific to certain Mahayana schools, most notably the Tathagatagarbha and Jonangpa traditions. The ideas that the Buddha and his Dharma are eternal and that one's inner Buddha nature is not empty would be denied in other Buddhist traditions such as Madhyamaka and Zen.

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